> ## Documentation Index > Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.kayanos.com/llms.txt > Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further. # Math helpers > Every registered numeric helper, with signatures and examples for calculated fields and rules. ## When to use these helpers Use these helpers to total values, compare thresholds, round outputs, and calculate ratios. They are registered as functions and transforms. ## Calling style Call a helper as `round($.requested_amount, 2)`. Not every helper is available everywhere: validation, form, and document-template helpers have distinct context contracts. Editor suggestions are not proof that a helper is supported at runtime. ## Complete function reference ### `abs` Returns the absolute value of a number **Signature:** `abs(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} abs(-5) // 5 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | abs(...)`. ### `acos` Returns the arccosine of a number **Signature:** `acos(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} acos(1) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | acos(...)`. ### `asin` Returns the arcsine of a number **Signature:** `asin(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} asin(0) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | asin(...)`. ### `atan` Returns the arctangent of a number **Signature:** `atan(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} atan(0) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | atan(...)`. ### `atan2` Returns the arctangent of the quotient of its arguments **Signature:** `atan2(y, x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} atan2(1, 1) // Math.PI / 4 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | atan2(...)`. ### `avg` Returns the average of all arguments **Signature:** `avg(...values)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} avg(1, 2, 3) // 2 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | avg(...)`. ### `cbrt` Returns the cube root of a number **Signature:** `cbrt(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} cbrt(8) // 2 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | cbrt(...)`. ### `ceil` Returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a number, with optional precision **Signature:** `ceil(x, precision?)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} ceil(4.21, 1) // 4.3 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | ceil(...)`. ### `clamp` Clamps a number between a minimum and maximum value **Signature:** `clamp(value, min, max)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} clamp(5, 0, 10) // 5 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | clamp(...)`. ### `cos` Returns the cosine of a number (in radians) **Signature:** `cos(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} cos(0) // 1 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | cos(...)`. ### `exp` Returns e raised to the power of x **Signature:** `exp(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} exp(0) // 1 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | exp(...)`. ### `factorial` Calculates the factorial of a number **Signature:** `factorial(n)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} factorial(5) // 120 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | factorial(...)`. ### `floor` Returns the largest integer less than or equal to a number, with optional precision **Signature:** `floor(x, precision?)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} floor(4.76, 1) // 4.7 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | floor(...)`. ### `gcd` Calculates the greatest common divisor of two numbers **Signature:** `gcd(a, b)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} gcd(48, 18) // 6 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | gcd(...)`. ### `isPrime` Checks if a number is prime **Signature:** `isPrime(n)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} isPrime(5) // true ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | isPrime(...)`. ### `lcm` Calculates the least common multiple of two numbers **Signature:** `lcm(a, b)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} lcm(4, 6) // 12 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | lcm(...)`. ### `lerp` Linear interpolation between two values **Signature:** `lerp(start, end, t)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} lerp(0, 10, 0.5) // 5 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | lerp(...)`. ### `log` Returns the natural logarithm of a number **Signature:** `log(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} log(1) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | log(...)`. ### `log10` Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number **Signature:** `log10(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} log10(10) // 1 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | log10(...)`. ### `log2` Returns the base-2 logarithm of a number **Signature:** `log2(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} log2(2) // 1 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | log2(...)`. ### `median` Returns the median of all arguments **Signature:** `median(...values)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} median(1, 2, 3) // 2 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | median(...)`. ### `mode` Returns the mode (most frequent value) of all arguments **Signature:** `mode(...values)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} mode(1, 2, 2, 3) // 2 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | mode(...)`. ### `pow` Returns the base raised to the power of the exponent **Signature:** `pow(base, exponent)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} pow(2, 3) // 8 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | pow(...)`. ### `random` Returns a random number between 0 (inclusive) and 1 (exclusive) **Signature:** `random()` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} random() // 0.123456789 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | random(...)`. ### `round` Returns the value of a number rounded to the nearest integer, with optional precision **Signature:** `round(x, precision?)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} round(4.74, 1) // 4.7 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | round(...)`. ### `roundTo` Rounds a number to a specified number of decimal places **Signature:** `roundTo(value, decimals)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} roundTo(3.14159, 2) // 3.14 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | roundTo(...)`. ### `sign` Returns the sign of a number **Signature:** `sign(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} sign(5) // 1 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | sign(...)`. ### `sin` Returns the sine of a number (in radians) **Signature:** `sin(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} sin(0) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | sin(...)`. ### `sqrt` Returns the square root of a number **Signature:** `sqrt(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} sqrt(9) // 3 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | sqrt(...)`. ### `stddev` Returns the standard deviation of all arguments **Signature:** `stddev(...values)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} stddev(1, 2, 3) // 0.816496580927726 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | stddev(...)`. ### `tan` Returns the tangent of a number (in radians) **Signature:** `tan(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} tan(0) // 0 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | tan(...)`. ### `toDegrees` Converts radians to degrees **Signature:** `toDegrees(radians)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} toDegrees(3.141592653589793) // 180 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | toDegrees(...)`. ### `toRadians` Converts degrees to radians **Signature:** `toRadians(degrees)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} toRadians(180) // 3.141592653589793 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | toRadians(...)`. ### `trunc` Returns the integer part of a number by removing fractional digits **Signature:** `trunc(x)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} trunc(4.9) // 4 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | trunc(...)`. ### `variance` Returns the variance of all arguments **Signature:** `variance(...values)` **Example:** ```txt theme={null} variance(1, 2, 3) // 0.6666666666666666 ``` **Note:** It can also be written as a transform when the first value is the input: `value | variance(...)`. ## Before you publish * Start with a known value and confirm the expected result. * Handle null, empty text, and empty lists deliberately. * Do not place secrets, access tokens, or sensitive personal data in an expression. * Read [expression contexts and availability](/reference/expressions/contexts) before copying an expression between features. ![Math helpers in KayanOS](https://kayanos.app/docs-images/en/reference/expressions-helpers-math.png)